Methods of Contraception


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Ways of Contraception










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There are several contraception in which a couple can have during
an intercourse if they are not planning to have a child. These
methods range from the simplest to the more complicated, from the
risky to most effective. Many are safe, providing temporary
protection and readily available methods of birth control.

Withdrawal method is the most risky and idiot-proof method of
contraceptive. This ancient form of male contraception is simple
but guarantees no protection. The man withdraws his penis from
the vagina and ejaculates outside the opening or away from the
woman’s genital.

Concerns

It is not recommend. This method is not effective against
sexually transmitted diseases and infections, and there are no
practical benefits to this method at all.

Withdrawal is extremely unreliable as a method of birth control.
It may not get the woman pregnant but accidents do occur when the
man delays the withdrawal. Some men lack the experience and
self-control to pull out in time and cannot tell when they are
going to ejaculate while some men ejaculate very quickly, before
they realize it. Others have been known to say they will pull
out, and then they get so excited and carried away that they
don’t. Besides, before ejaculation, almost all penises leak fluid
that can cause pregnancy.

The many methods of contraception can be categorized in:

Natural or rhythm methods
Mechanical contraception (barrier)
Hormonal contraception (the Pill)
Sterilization


Natural or Rhythm Methods are calendar, temperature and cervical
mucus methods. They involve restricting intercourse to those days
of the woman’s monthly cycle where contraception is not possible.
The couple avoids having sex on these days and this method has
proved quite effective when followed properly.

Calendar Method uses the start of bleeding as day one and
interprets the four days on either side of day 14 as the fertile
time. During this period, intercourse is avoided to prevent
pregnancy.

Temperature method depends on recording of the body temperature
every day on a chart and observes when the temperature stays
elevated for three days. Just before and during the peroid of
elevation, sex is to be avoided.

The cervical mucus method observes the normal changes in the
vagina discharge so that you can predict ovulation and the days
unsafe for intercourse. Avoid sex when the vagina mucus becomes
abundant and more slippery and clear. When the discharge is back
to cloudy, sticky and thick, it is then safe for intercourse.
These methods are inexpensive and have no medical risk, but women
may have to attend special classes to learn the method. It may be
difficult for women with irregular cycles. Because it may
interfere substantially with the frequency of sex, the partner's
co-operation is needed to abstain during fertile periods.

Mechanical methods create a barrier that prevents sperm from
getting to the ovum so that fertilization cannot take place.
Mechanical methods are available for both men and women in forms
of condoms. Women also have choices in diaphragm and cervical
cap.

The use of condoms are most popular and it is heralded as “safe
sex” with the increasing prevalence of AIDS and herpes, and also
in the fear of possible sides effects of the Pill.

Hormonal methods are only for women and they involve taking
hormone drugs, which affect the metabolism and physiology of the
body to prevent conception. It is taken with ease, simplicity and
is almost 100 efficient, giving women greater sexual freedom.
However, some women experience reverse effects but continues to
be an efficient birth control.

The sterilisation method may not be the most popular but it is
the best solution and either the man or woman has a simple
surgical sterilisation. Couples who no longer want to have
children may consider this method of contraception.

Abstinence from sex

Couples can always choose to abstinate from a sexual intercourse.
Sexual intercourse is avoided but some people are still able to
express their sexual feelings in other ways, and at times choose
not to have any sexual contact. Couples can still have an orgasm
by means of oral sex or manual stimulation. Since sexual
intercourse does not take place, it prevents sperm from
fertilizing egg.

There are no major health concerns however, pregnancy may occur
in some extremes and passage of STDs may be possible if couple's
genitals touch or, if there is an exchange of body fluid like
saliva, vagina lubrication or semen.

To be safe, couples engaged in oral sex should also practice safe
sex by using condoms and the other precautions associated with
fellatio or cunnilingus: oral stimulation of the genitals.



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